Visual: Balabolka > Audible > Microsoft Edge > Generic audiobook Voice: Audible > Generic audiobook > Microsoft Edge > BalabolkaĬontrol: Balabolka > Audible > Microsoft Edge > Generic audiobook Collectively, these studies suggest that individuals remember more of what is presented when information is delivered bimodally. Since then, others have shown that short-term retention is improved when an item (e.g., word or digit string) is presented to visual and auditory channels simultaneously. Penney (1989) showed evidence of a bimodal memory advantage compared to recall of information in single-mode presentations. Nhanced recall due to bimodal redundancy has been documented in various research paradigms. That is, subjects typically respond more accurately or quickly to redundant bimodal stimuli than to unimodal stimulus presentations. The RSE has shown to be a rather robust phenomenon in work with more complex stimuli, such as letters and words. Kinchla (1974) referred to this effect as the redundant signals effect (RSE). By measuring participants' reaction time for a decision regarding the presented stimuli, researchers have commonly found a facilitative effect of the bimodal condition when stimuli presented to each sensory channel were the same or functionally related. Various studies have investigated individuals' task performance when they were given auditory, visual, or bimodal stimuli.
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